影像測量儀技術基礎的基本結構

  影像測量儀一般由機械主體、標尺系統、影像檢測系統、驅動控制系統和影像測量軟件組成，如下圖所示：

  1.機械主題⒉。 標尺系統 3. 驅動控制系統 4. 圖像檢測系統 5. 圖像測量軟件

  1.機械體

  機械主體是影像測量儀的主要部分。 它由結構型式、導軌和傳動機構組成。 為了平衡Z軸的重量，有時需要增加一個平衡組件。 結構型式是影像測量儀的主要組成部分，一般由工作臺、立柱或橋架、外殼等組成。 測量儀器的工作臺在導軌上運動，導軌一般采用滾動導軌、滑動導軌或氣浮導軌。 傳動機構一般包括絲杠、光桿、齒形帶、齒條和小齒輪等不同形式。

 2.標尺系統

  尺子。 系統是決定影像測量儀精度的重要組成部分。 影像測量儀的標尺。 該系統一般使用光柵尺。 它是一種位移傳感器，有些測量儀器還帶有數顯電氣裝置。

  3.圖像檢測系統

  圖像檢測系統是圖像測量儀的關鍵部分。 它不同于普通的三坐標測量機。 該系統安裝在機械主體的多個軸上，利用Z軸的上下運動來調整高度位置。 采集到的圖像數據的質量直接影響圖像測量儀的測量精度和重復性。 因此，圖像檢測系統的作用不容忽視。

  圖像檢測系統一般由照明裝置、鏡頭、圖像傳感器、圖像采集卡等組成。 影像測量儀一般提供三種照明方式：面光、輪廓光和同軸光。 影像測量儀使用的鏡頭通常是單目顯微鏡鏡頭，成像倍率可以通過控制系統進行調節。 圖像傳感器一般采用CCD（Charge Coupled Device），采集圖像并將其轉換為電子信號，傳輸到圖像采集卡進行進一步處理。

  4.驅動控制系統

  驅動控制系統是連接視頻測量儀硬件和軟件的紐帶，是驅動和控制視頻測量儀運動的部分。 尤其是在自動影像測量儀中，包括電子、機械和光學元件等都需要使用電子控制。 驅動控制系統一般由驅動電機和一些控制板組成。 驅動電機提供動力，控制板負責發送控制指令。 驅動控制系統的主要功能包括：機器XYZ軸的運動控制，讀取XYZ軸的坐標，控制鏡頭的變焦，調節光源的開關和亮度，監控機器的狀態。 實時圖像測量儀。

  5.圖像測量軟件

  圖像測量軟件可以根據輸入的工件圖像測量各種幾何量。 不同廠家的測量軟件開發思路不同，導致使用過程和功能不同。 但這些測量軟件應該能夠滿足基本的測量功能，如幾何測量、圖像處理分析、自動編程控制、機器控制等，以及統計分析等高級功能。 此外，測量軟件還應該能夠輸入和輸出繪圖數據，輸出測量報告。 此外，一些廠商還可以根據客戶的需求提供特定的功能。 例如，天準Vispec影像測量軟件可提供圖紙比對、全景掃描等功能，以及專為計量行業開發的測試篩自動校準、半徑模板自動校準等功能。 功能。

  影像測量儀技術基礎的基本結構信息由TTC影像測量儀提供。英斯特力儀器是一家集研發、生產及銷售于一體的 影像測量儀，拉力試驗機, 硬度計 ,探傷儀, 粗糙度儀, 測厚儀, 金相設備廠家, 致力于為客戶提供更好的檢測儀器。

Basic structure of image measuring instrument technology foundation  

Image measuring instrument is generally composed of mechanical theme, scale system, image detection system, drive control system and image measurement software, as shown below:  

1. Mechanical Subject ⒉. Scale system 3. Drive control system 4. Image detection system 5.  Image measurement software  

1.  mechanical  

Mechanical main body is the main part of the image measuring instrument, composed of structure, guide rail and transmission mechanism, in order to balance the weight of the Z axis sometimes also need to add balance parts.  The structure is the main part of the image measuring instrument, which is generally composed of workbench, column or bridge frame and shell.  The table of the measuring instrument moves on the guide rail, which generally adopts rolling guide rail, sliding guide rail or air float guide rail.  Transmission mechanism generally includes lead screw, light bar, tooth belt, rack and pinion and other different forms.  

2. Scale system  

The system is an important part to determine the accuracy of image measuring instrument.  The scale of an image measuring instrument.  System - generally using grating ruler.  For displacement sensor, some measuring instrument also has digital display electrical device.  

3. Image detection system  

Image detection system is an image measuring instrument area.  Different from the key part of the ordinary coordinate measuring machine.  The system is mounted on several axes of the main body of the machine to adjust the height position by moving z-axis up and down.  The acquisition of image data directly affects the measurement accuracy and repeatability of the image measuring instrument.  Therefore, the role of image detection system can not be ignored.  

The image detection system generally consists of a lighting device, a leneserrata image sensor and an image acquisition card.  Image measuring instrument - provides surface light, contour light, coaxial light three illumination modes.  The lens used in an image measuring instrument is usually a single-purpose microscopic lens that can be controlled to adjust the magnification of the image.  CCD (Charge Coupled Device) is generally used as the image sensor. It collects images and converts them into electronic signals, which are sent to the image acquisition card for further processing.  

4.  Drive control system  

The driving control system is the link between the hardware and software of the image measuring instrument, and it is the part that pushes and controls the motion of the image measuring instrument.  Especially in the automatic image measuring instrument, including electronic, mechanical and optical components need to use electronic control.  The drive control system is generally composed of a drive motor and some control board cards. The drive motor provides power, and the control board cards are responsible for sending control commands.  The main functions of the drive control system include: the motion control of machine XYZ axis, the coordinate reading of XYZ axis, the multiplication control of the lens, the switch and brightness adjustment of the light source, the real-time monitoring of the state of the image measuring instrument, etc.  

5.  Image measurement software  

Image measurement software can measure various geometric quantities according to the input workpiece image.  Different manufacturers of measurement software development ideas are different, resulting in its use process, function are also different.  But these measurement software should be able to meet the basic measurement functions, such as geometric measurement, image processing and analysis, automatic programming control, machine control, and advanced functions such as statistical analysis.  In addition, the measurement software should also be able to input and output drawing data, output measurement reports.  In addition, some manufacturers can also provide specific functions according to customer needs, such as celestial alignment Vispec image measurement software can provide drawing comparison, panoramic scanning and other functions, as well as test screen automatic calibration, radius sample automatic calibration and other functions specially developed for the measurement industry.  

The basic structure information of image measuring instrument technology foundation is provided,TTC image measuring instrument preferred.